Enteric viruses

Conclusions: Environmental factors, such as temperature and relative humidity, can influence survival of enteric viruses on nonlaunderable soft surfaces. The efficacy of liquid and vaporous chemistries are associated with surface and virus type.

Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. Abstract Background: Worldwide, enteric viruses are the main cause of acute gastroenteritis. Erin M. Symonds 3 Erin M. Christine S. Fagnant-Sperati 2 Nicolette A. Jeffry H. Shirai 2 Nicolette A. Alexandra L. Kossik 2 Nicolette A. Nicola K. Beck 2 Nicolette A. David S. Boyle 5 David S. Author information Article notes Copyright and License information Disclaimer. Corresponding author. E-mail: ude.

Received Sep 7; Accepted Feb Abstract Enteric virus environmental surveillance via a highly sensitive method is critical, as many enteric viruses have low infectious doses and can persist in the environment for extended periods. Keywords: BMFS, enteric viruses, environmental monitoring, environmental surveillance, pepper mild mottle virus, wastewater.

Sample collection and processing BMFS samples were collected and filtered as described previously Fagnant et al. Analyses Variability in Cq values over time were analyzed using Shewhart control charts Microsoft Excel Open in a separate window.

Figure 1. Figure 2. Supplementary Material Click here for additional data file. Indicators of microbial water quality. Quantitative RT-PCR detection of hepatitis a virus, rotaviruses and enteroviruses in the Buffalo river and source water dams in the eastern cape province of South Africa. Zoonotic transmission of rotavirus: surveillance and control.

Expert Review of Anti-Infective Therapy 13 11 , — Use of preservative agents and antibiotics for increased poliovirus survival on positively charged filters.

Food and Environmental Virology 9 4 , — Improvement of the bag-mediated filtration system for sampling wastewater and wastewater-impacted waters. Food and Environmental Virology 10 1 , 72— Viral pathogens in water: occurrence, public health impact, and available control strategies. Current Opinion in Virology 4 , 50— Evaluation of human enteric viruses in surface water and drinking water resources in southern Ghana.

American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 84 1 , 20— Evaluation of pepper mild mottle virus, human picobirnavirus and Torque teno virus as indicators of fecal contamination in river water.

Water Research 45 3 , — Journal of Medical Virology 70 2 , — Human Norovirus prevalence in Africa: a review of studies from to Relative abundance and treatment reduction of viruses during wastewater treatment processes — identification of potential viral indicators. The Science of the Total Environment — , — The epidemiology of human rotavirus associated with diarrhoea in Kenyan children: a review.

Journal of Tropical Pediatrics 54 6 , — The detection of enteric viruses in selected urban and rural river water and sewage in Kenya, with special reference to rotaviruses. Journal of Applied Microbiology 3 , — Global occurrence and emission of rotaviruses to surface waters. Pathogens 4 2 , — Distribution of Escherichia coli, coliphages and enteric viruses in water, epilithic biofilms and sediments of an urban river in Germany.

Science of the Total Environment , — Enteric viruses in surface waters from Argentina: molecular and viable-virus detection. Applied and Environmental Microbiology 84 5 , 1— Human calicivirus diversity in wastewater in South Africa. Journal of Applied Microbiology 6 , — Viral persistence in surface and drinking water: suitability of PCR pre-treatment with intercalating dyes.

Water Research 91 , 68— Pepper mild mottle virus as an indicator of fecal pollution. Applied and Environmental Microbiology 75 22 , — Population-based incidence rates of diarrheal disease associated with Norovirus, Sapovirus, and Astrovirus in Kenya.

Infections with non-polio enteroviruses are common in the United States during summer and fall. Wash hands often with soap and water for 20 seconds. Also, avoid touching your eyes, nose and mouth with unwashed hands, cover your coughs and sneezes with a tissue or shirt sleeve, not your hands. Children with asthma are particularly at risk for severe symptoms from enterovirus infection. There is no treatment for enterovirus infections.

Talk to your doctor about the best way to control symptoms. While was a big year for outbreaks of EV-D68 have been detected between August and November in , , and , CDC cannot predict whether EV-D68 will be a common type of enterovirus in future seasons.